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2026-07-29 16:01
GraphQL

Query with Variables

QueryParseValidateEasy
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What you will learn

  • Use variables, never string interpolation — concatenation invites injection and breaks caching
  • Verify non-null variables produce a validation error BEFORE execution, not at runtime
  • Test default values — a missing optional variable uses the schema default, not null

Description

Use variables to make queries reusable and safe.

Test Scenario

const query = `
  query GetUser($id: ID!) {
    user(id: $id) {
      id
      name
    }
  }
`;
const variables = { id: "1" };
const response = await request.post('/api/graphql', {
  data: { query, variables }
});
Endpoint/api/graphql

Testing Tips

  • •Define variables with $ prefix
  • •Pass variables separately from query
  • •Prevents injection attacks
// Playwright API Testing - GraphQL
import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test';


test('GraphQL query', async ({ request }) => {
  const response = await request.post('/api/graphql', {
    data: {
      query: `
        query {
          users {
            id
            name
            email
          }
        }
      `
    }
  });


  expect(response.ok()).toBeTruthy();
  const { data } = await response.json();
  expect(data.users).toBeDefined();
});

Challenge ID: graphql-query-variables

2 frameworks available

API Playground

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Endpoint: /api/graphql

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